Comprehensive Studies on Operational Principles for Maximum Power Point Tracking in Photovoltaic Systems

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is essential in Photovoltaic (PV) systems, which has drawn significant research effort in the past. The operation is to adjust the power interfaces so that the operating characteristics of the consumption and the PV generator match at the ideal level in term of generation. A comprehensive review is essential to help readers understand the latest developments and inform research directions. Unlike the other review papers, this paper focuses on the operational principles of MPPT methods. Therefore, a different review angle is presented in this paper to provide a clear image of the technology of MPPT.