Placement of Virtual Synchronous Generator Controlled Electric Storage combined with Renewable Generation

The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control of power converters has been proposed to improve the system inertia. The commonly used VSG requires an energy storage (ESS) to provide the emulated inertia power and the frequency droop power. The placement of the ESS can be either in the DC port of the power electronics generation or co-located with the power electronics generation on the AC side. In the former case, the VSG control makes the total generator behave like a synchronous generator, while in the latter one, the VSG control only regulates the ESS in response to the grid frequency. The different placement of the ESS gives rise to different performance. This paper analyzes this performance firstly by means of simple transfer function analysis and secondly by comparing their effects on the grid frequency at the system level in the IEEE 39 bus test system. The results show that the placement of the ESS has no impact on the system transient stability while it has a significant impact on the frequency dynamics especially in the low inertia situation.