Synthesis of Electrocardiogram V-Lead Signals From Limb-Lead Measurement Using R-Peak Aligned Generative Adversarial Network

Recently, portable electrocardiogram (ECG) hardware devices have been developed using limb-lead measurements. However, portable ECGs provide insufficient ECG information because of limitations in the number of leads and measurement positions. Therefore, in this study, V-lead ECG signals were synthesized from limb leads using an R-peak aligned generative adversarial network (GAN). The data used the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) dataset provided by PhysioNet. First, R-peak alignment was performed to maintain the physiological information of the ECG. Second, time domain ECG was converted to bi-dimensional space by ordered time-sequence embedding. Finally, the GAN was learned through the pairs between the modified limb II (MLII) lead and each chest (V) lead. The result showed that the mean structural similarity index (SSIM) was 0.92, and the mean error rate of the percent mean square difference (PRD) of the chest leads was 7.21%.