Hyperspectral Image Classification with Tensor-Based Rank-R Learning Models

In this paper, we present a general tensor-based nonlinear classifier, the Rank-R Feedforward Neural Network (FNN). In the proposed model, which is an extension of the Rank-1 FNN classifier, the network weights are constrained to satisfy a rank-R Canonical Polyadic Decomposition. By allowing a rank-R, instead of a rank-1, Canonical Polyadic Decomposition of the weights, the learning capacity of the model can be increased, which contributes to avoiding underfitting problems. The effectiveness of the proposed model is scrutinized on a hyperspectral image classification experimental setting, since hyperspectral data can naturally be represented as tensor objects. Performance evaluation results indicate that the proposed model outperforms other state-of-the-art models, including deep learning ones, especially in cases where the number of available training samples is small.