Combining centrality measures for control energy reduction in network controllability problems

This paper investigates the problem of controlling a complex network with reduced control energy. Two centrality measures are defined, one related to the energy that a control, placed on a node, can exert on the entire network, and the other related to the energy that the network exerts on a node. We show that by combining these two centrality measures conflicting control energy requirements, like minimizing the average energy needed to steer the state in any direction and the energy needed for the worst direction, can be simultaneously taken into account. From an algebraic point of view, the node ranking that we obtain from the combination of our centrality measures is related to the non-normality of the adjacency matrix of the graph.