Mobile Multi-Sink Nodes Path Planning Algorithm Concerned With Energy Balance in Wireless Sensor Networks

In order to relieve the problem of unbalanced energy consumption of sensor nodes near the base station in the wireless sensor network, this paper proposes a mobile multi-sink nodes path planning algorithm with energy balance (hexHPSO). An optimization model is established by considering the energy consumption of each group, network lifetime, and movement path of the mobile sink nodes. Meanwhile, a hybrid positive and negative particle swarm optimization algorithm (HPNPSOA) is proposed to solve the optimization model to obtain a path with optimal grid traversal order and optimal parking position. Compared with the DOSM algorithm, GLRM algorithm, and RWM algorithm, the hexHPSO algorithm improves the network lifetime by 68%. The experimental results show that the hexHPSO algorithm can effectively balance the energy consumption, alleviate hotspot phenomenon, and extend the network lifetime.