Performance Limits of Cooperative Localization using Signals of Opporunity in Aray Networks

Target localization using signals of opportunity (SOOP) suffers performance degradation due to location uncertainties of mobile agents. In this paper, we investigate the performance limits of cooperative target localization in array networks using SOOP. The Fisher information matrix for target and agent positions is derived as a weighted sum of delay and angle information. The former is proportional to the effective bandwidth, and the latter is proportional to the product of the carrier frequency and geometric factor. In addition, we demonstrate how the cooperation among agents improves target localization performance, and how the information coupling between the target and agents affects localization accuracy. Then a general distance resolution limit based on the Fisher information analysis is derived as the metric for resolution performance. Finally, numerical results are provided to validate our theoretical analyses.