Determination of Optimum Tilt Angle for Fixed Photovoltaic Modules in Iasi, Romania

The energy output of a photovoltaic system is significantly affected by the variability of the incident solar radiation. Thus, increasing the incident solar radiation is one of the most important solution which can be implemented to increase the output of such PV systems. This can be achieved by installing the PV panels on sun tracking systems. However, these trackers are expensive and most of the photovoltaic power plants are using fixed PV modules. In this paper the optimum tilt angle of the fixed PV panels in analyzed as noticeable gains in terms of energy output can be achieved by using a variable tilt angle over the year.