Adaptive Event Location Technique via Time Difference of Event Arrival

This paper presents the phasor measurement unit (PMU) based event localization technique. In order to achieve the event localization in real-time manner, the proposed method is based on the measurement of the time required of the event propagation at each PMU. When an event propagates through the transmission network, there exists a time delay to arrive electrical buses in wide-area condition. As an initiated time of the event is unknown information in the practical power systems, time difference of arrival (TDoA) is used to estimate the event location instead of time of arrival. In this regard, the key point of the proposed localization utilizes the comparison of TDoA features that are composed of entire transmission lines to estimate the propagation path. As a result, the directions and time difference values in the shortest path are developed as features under the assumption of event location. Furthermore, a historical event-based network training method is proposed to substitute the system state estimation and calculation of propagation speed. Finally, the comparisons between calculated and measured TDoA features could estimate the event bus, and real-world test shows successful estimation results.