An Integrated Shark-Fin Antenna for MIMO-LTE, FM, and GPS Applications

A roof automobile antenna for Long Term Evolution, navigation system, and frequency modulation (FM) applications is presented. The proposed antenna is installed in shark-fin housing on the roof of a car, which includes a 4G (the fourth generation mobile communication system) main antenna, 4G diversity antenna, navigation antenna, and FM antenna. Some miniaturization and multiband techniques are utilized to fit the available space of the shark-fin housing, such as the grounded and parasitic radiating elements, meandered radiating elements, and lumped elements. It is worth noting that the proposed 4G main antenna with a compact size of 55 mm × 25 mm × 2 mm can cover two wide bands including 698-960 MHz and 1710-2690 MHz. Both the main antenna and diversity antenna have omnidirectional radiation patterns in the azimuthal plane. All the designs are planar printed antennas fully integrated into the printed circuit board, which significantly reduces the cost. The simulation and measurement results are in good agreement.