Traveling-Wave Marx Circuit for Generating Repetitive Sub-Nanosecond Pulses

The traveling-wave Marx generator was first proposed by Carl Baum to analyze the switch-closure propagation process in fast pulsed-power systems. To improve the performance of the transistorized sub-nanosecond pulse generator, the traveling-wave Marx circuit with inter-stage transmission lines is studied. Simulations indicate that the delay time and the impedance of inter-stage transmission lines [microstrip lines on printed circuit board (PCB)] are main factors affecting the pulse waveform. Based on it, the series connection of modularized Marx circuits is proposed, which has the advantages of adjustable amplitude and bendable circuit layout. A compact high-amplitude pulse generator is developed with the amplitude of 8.2 kV, the rise time of 150 ps, and the PCB length of 35 cm. For higher pulse repetition rate, the heat dissipation design of PCB is necessary; however, due to the variations in the microstrip line structure, the commonly used metallic heat sink may cause a significant decrease in pulse amplitude. Thus, a novel heat dissipation design is proposed by optimizing the layout of metallic sinks and introducing heat-conducting ceramic sinks. A high-repetition-rate pulse generator is developed with the maximum pulse repetition rate of 600 kHz, the amplitude of 1.1 kV, and the rise time of 160 ps.