Novel Theoretical Performance Comparisons of Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Timing Recovery in Rayleigh Fading Channels With and Without a Receiver Outage Condition

Past work has derived analytical results for the effects of symbol timing recovery error in Rayleigh fading, considering only Gaussian and Tikhonov timing error distributions, without considering maximum likelihood timing estimation and truncated Gaussian distributions; nor were differences between open-loop and closed-loop timing recovery procedures investigated. Further, prior work examined only receivers that do not impose outage conditions on the faded channel signals. Theoretical analyses and solutions accounting for all of these issues are derived herein.