A Delay and Load-balancing based Hierarchical Route Planning Method for Transmission Line IoT Sensing and Monitoring applications

The Internet of Things (IoT) have been widely applied into human social activities for a long time. Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are an important part of IoT. WSN consist of a large number of inexpensive micro-sensor nodes deployed in the monitoring area. These nodes form a multi-hop self-organizing network system by wireless communication. To better utilize the limited energy resource, we design a delay and load-balancing based hierarchical route planning method for transmission line IoT sensing and monitoring applications (DLHRP) in WSN. The Algorithm has two sub-mechanisms which are the node clustering strategy and the data forwarding method. Firstly, we propose a node clustering strategy based on energy balancing and energy consumption optimization. It preferentially selects nodes with high residual energy and high traffic load as cluster-head nodes, and then distributes the cluster-head nodes evenly. Next, we present a data forwarding method based on load-balancing to differentiate services and select the appropriate routes for different services according to service priority and delay requirements. The simulation results show that the proposed route planning method can lower the total energy consumption of data transmission and thus extend the life cycle of WSN under the premise of ensuring the delay requirements.