Semiconductor Laser Mode Locking Stabilization With Optical Feedback From a Silicon PIC

Semiconductor mode-locked lasers can be used in a variety of applications ranging from multi-carrier sources for wavelength-division-multiplexed communication systems to time-base references for metrology. Their packaging in compact chip- or module-level systems remains, however, burdened by their strong sensitivity to back-reflections, quickly destroying the coherence of the mode-locking. Here, we investigate the stabilization of mode-locked lasers directly edge coupled to a silicon photonic integrated circuit, with the objective of moving isolators downstream to the output of the photonic circuit. A 2.77-kHz 3-dB RF linewidth, substantially improved compared to the 15.01 kHz of the free running laser, is obtained in the best case. Even in the presence of detrimental reflections from the photonic circuit, substantial linewidth reductions from 20 to 8.82 kHz, from 572 to 14.8 kHz, and from 1.5 MHz to 40 kHz are realized.