Optimization of Process Parameters for Organic Municipal Solid Waste Torrefaction

Rapid waste generation, which exceeds the capacity of natural decomposition, is the expected result population growth and unplanned urbanization. The lack of proper solid waste management systems has become a major challenge in developing countries. Torrefaction of organic material is a great approach to overcome this challenge, as it generates a value-added torrefied material for different markets. This investigation was aimed at introducing a layer model for packed bed torrefactor and established the optimum control reference for energy input. The reactor bottom temperature was maintained at 350 °C by controlling the flow rate of heated nitrogen gas, which was the energy carrier. The optimum energy input profile was obtained by non-linear optimization of batch type fixed bed torrefactor model using the APMonitor, a Mixed Integer Non-Linear Programing suite. Finally, the study reveals that the torrefaction is a favorable process to convert bulky, moist, and perishable organic MSW material into an energy dense, dry, water resistant, and easily crushable, valuable fuel.