Fully-Hermetic 71-86 GHz WR12 Coherent Photonic Mixer Providing an RF Output Power up to +15 dBm

Novel compact fully-hermetic E-band (71-86 GHz) coherent photonic mixer (CPX), featuring a rectangular waveguide WR12 output and providing an RF output power up to +15 dBm, is reported in this work. According to our knowledge, this is the highest reported output power level radiated directly from a photonic mixer module in the E-band frequency range. The fabricated WR12-CPX allows direct optical-to-wireless conversion of optical baseband or IF-band signals, e.g. for radio-over-fiber (RoF) fronthauling in mobile communications. The module comprises an InP-based balanced-PD (BPD) chip, a GaAs HEMT MMIC medium power amplifier, and a laminate-based grounded coplanar waveguide to rectangular waveguide (GCPW-WR12) transition. The transition couples the optically generated, e.g. via heterodyning, millimeter-wave signal from the output of the BPD chip to the WR12. It is based on a double-slot antenna structure and developed on a Rogers RT/duroid 5880 laminate with a thickness of 127 μm. The presented GCPW-WR12 transition enables the development of fully-hermetic photonic packages, which is required to improve the durability of the BPD chip. The transition design is optimized by utilizing a 3D electromagnetic simulation software for achieving a wide operational bandwidth with an average insertion loss (IL) of about 1.6 dB and a return loss (RL) higher than 15 dB in the frequency range of 71-86 GHz. Finally, the RF responsivity of the WR12-CPX module and the hermeticity of the transition are experimentally characterized.