Sparse Volterra Nonlinear Equalizer by Employing Pruning Algorithm for High-Speed PAM-4 850-nm VCSEL Optical Interconnect

A pruned Volterra equalizer that reduces computational complexity by up to 85.2% in 112-Gbps PAM-4 optical interconnects is proposed. The BER performance is competitive with LASSO-based Volterra equalizers, and training time is twice as fast.