High-Density Low Power Wide Area Networks

The potential of WSN related to the IoT concept is immense. According to a Cisco study the IoT will merge with other engineering areas such as artificial intelligence (AI), fog computing and blockchain technologies, creating new business opportunities. Two main directions for solving the main issues of M2M communications can be distinguished: the use of frequency band division ultra-narrow band (UNB) communications and the use of a spread spectrum technique. The main contribution of this paper is a detailed analysis of the LoRaWAN communication protocol. At the same time, the main features and mechanisms of communication are presented in detail by highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of the communication mechanism. From the obtained test results, we can conclude that high-density wireless sensor networks can be implemented using LoRa communication. The stars-of-stars network topology is scalable and offers the possibility to integrate a large number of nodes.