Improved CSMA/CA Algorithm Based on Alternative Channel of Power Line and Wireless and First-Time Idle First Acquisition

Wireless and power line communication hybrid networking can complement each other, save construction costs, and satisfy the needs of different services. Few studies have investigated the MAC layer mechanism when the two networks are mixed. This paper proposes an improved CSMA/CA algorithm suitable for power line and wireless hybrid networking scenarios. The algorithm is compatible with the CSMA/CA algorithm in the existing standards, namely, IEEE 1901 and 802.11, and adopts a two-choice method of the power line and wireless first idle. As long as one of the wireless and power line channels is in the idle state, it can be levied to transmit a data packet. Based on the decoupling hypothesis, this paper establishes a system analysis model of the algorithm, uses simultaneous nonlinear equations to calculate the throughput and collision probability performance of the algorithm, and provides a uniqueness analysis of the solution. This paper also determines the latency of the algorithm. Finally, simulation verifies the effectiveness and reliability of the algorithm model and analyzes the performance in terms of throughput, time delay, and collision probability. Compared with the existing wireless and power line CSMA/CA algorithm, the proposed algorithm can improve the throughput and ensure the effectiveness of the network.