A Node Self-Localization Algorithm With a Mobile Anchor Node in Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Aiming at improving the localization accuracy, reducing network cost, and energy loss in the 3-D environment, this paper proposes a mobile node localization algorithm based on compressive sensing for underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs). By dividing the cubic module of the underwater monitoring area and using the energy between the mobile anchor node and the unknown nodes, the sparse localization problem based on the cubic module is transformed into the nodes localization problem based on compressive sensing. Since the energy localization between nodes based on cubic modularization is adopted, the path of the mobile node does not need to be specially designed, as long as the mobile beacon node traverses the entire cubic module. Considering the distance problem of the moving path, the mobile node path is based on the random waypoint (RWP) and the LAYERED-SCAN model. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can be applied to the node localization problem of UASNs. It can reduce network cost and node energy loss while obtaining higher localization accuracy.