Peer-to-Peer Energy Sharing Among Smart Energy Buildings by Distributed Transaction

Efficient building energy management is essential for energy saving and green society. This paper investigates sustainable energy management for an energy building cluster with distributed transaction. The building cluster consists of several types of energy buildings, e.g., office, industrial, and commercial buildings. We first formulate utility functions for the buildings of consuming energy based on the characteristics of their controllable loads. Then a two-stage energy sharing strategy is presented. In the first stage, the total social energy cost is minimized through finding the optimal energy sharing profiles in a distributed way. In the second stage, the clearing for mutual energy sharing is modeled as a non-cooperative game, and the existence of the equilibrium of the game is illustrated and a relaxation-based algorithm is introduced to search for the equilibrium. Moreover, a real-time model for each building to overcome real-time uncertainties, such as renewable energy generation and base loads is provided. The simulation results show that the proposed energy sharing strategy is economically beneficial for the energy buildings, computationally efficient, and is promising to facilitate a sustainable regional building cluster.