Research on Underwater Wireless Sensor Network and MAC Protocol and Location Algorithm

In recent years, underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have received extensive attention due to their application in the development of marine resources. The underwater acoustic channel has a long delay, low bandwidth, and highly dynamic changes in the underwater environment so that the existing technologies and protocols in the traditional wireless sensor network cannot be directly applied to underwater. This paper studies the medium access control (MAC) protocol and positioning technology of UWSNs and introduces the typical underwater line sensor network MAC protocol. Aiming at the problem of spatial fairness caused by the propagation characteristics of the underwater acoustic channel and the triple terminal problem caused by the long propagation delay in UWSNs, and effectively implementing the multi-channel mechanism, an underwater multi-channel based on a single transceiver is proposed, which is SFM-MAC. The existing underwater positioning algorithms are divided into two categories, centralized positioning algorithm and distributed positioning algorithm, and each type of algorithm is briefly explained. In this paper, the Markov chain is used to construct the reservation model of the control channel, and the theoretical analysis of multi-channel throughput is given. The theoretical throughput of the multi-channel MAC protocol under the condition of reserved collision is obtained. Finally, this paper verifies the actual performance of SFM-MAC through simulation experiments.