Game-Theoretic Approaches Applied to Transactions in the Open and Ever-Growing Electricity Markets From the Perspective of Power Demand Response: An Overview

This paper conducts a detailed overview on game-theoretic approaches for power demand response (DR) in the open and ever-growing electricity market (EM) in terms of three major categories of games, including non-cooperative game, cooperative game, and evolutionary game. In addition, we also separately review the Stackelberg game and Bayesian game in power DR. First, we briefly describe the main contents of game theory and the game behaviors of the electricity sellers, electricity suppliers, and electricity users in EM. Second, we comprehensively introduce the principle of the above-mentioned five categories of games and thoroughly review their applications in power DR in the context of open EMs, considering the transactions such as electricity pricing and electricity capacity trading among the electricity supplier side, electricity seller side, and electricity user side in the perfect open EMs, such as retail market, spot market, wholesale market, and ancillary service market. In this survey, aiming at each type of game mentioned above, we try to summarize the advantages and shortcomings of their application in EM in terms of power DR, as well as the issues that need to be solved currently or in the future. Finally, we offer some prospects on the scenario application and future development of game-theoretic approaches for power DR in an open EM. The biggest innovation of this paper lies in conducting a comprehensive survey on game-theoretic approaches applied to transactions in the open and ever-growing EMs from the perspective of power DR in terms of five major categories of games. We conduct this survey intended to arouse the interest and excitement of experts and scholars in the energy and electric power system industry and to look ahead to efforts that jointly promote the rapid development of game theory in the perfect open EM field.