Rectangular Waveguide Differential Phase Shifter Based on Horizontal Ferrite Tiles: Accurate Model for Full-Band Operation

Phase shifters are one of the most important elements deployed in the antenna feeding structures. They are being used in several antenna systems for various applications. Moreover, they can be used in different microwave devices such as circulators and isolators. Furthermore, they are one of the commonly used components in circularly polarized antenna systems. They can be deployed using different techniques depending on the required electrical specifications and the power handling capability. Phase shifters with horizontal ferrite tiles have a higher power handling capability than the transistor based. Thus, this type of phase shifter was frequently visited in the literature. However, the previously presented models were either inaccurate or had a narrow validity range. Here, mathematical analysis and study have been performed for non-reciprocal differential phase shifters using two horizontal ferrite tiles based on waveguide technology. A new model is proposed along with the transcendental equation for the phase constant. The presented model is validated through comparison with various standard waveguides over the full band operation. Moreover, an experimental validation step is carried out, where the measured results have acceptable values.