A Novel Hybrid Magnet Made of HTS Tape Stacks and Permanent Magnets for Motor Applications

High-temperature superconducting (HTS) tape stacks could be used in motors as a substitute for permanent magnets (PMs) to improve the power density. However, the magnetization difficulty and safety concern limit its wider application. A novel hybrid magnet made of HTS tape stacks and PMs is proposed in this paper and investigated in experimental and numerical modeling methods. A hybrid magnet sample is manufactured and tested using pulsed field magnetization (PFM) at 77.3 K. Then, a 3-D electromagnetic-thermal coupled model is built and verified to simulate the field performance at lower temperatures. After the optimization process of the thickness ratio, an optimal 5-mm hybrid magnet of 0.5-mm tape stack +4.5 mm PM is obtained. Compared with the PM, the optimal hybrid magnet could enhance the magnetic field by 114%. Compared with the pure tape stack of the same size, the hybrid magnet could be magnetized with relatively small pulsed field, could reduce the consumption of the HTS tapes, and could enhance the operation safety especially encountering a cooling system failure. The results offer a novel perspective to introduce the HTS material into the conventional motor applications and provide a possible reference to the future study of HTS motors.