Design and Implementation of a Noninvasive Blood Glucose Monitoring Device

In 21^st century, diabetes has become one of the most life-threatening concerns which can affect both adults and infants. If the proper treatment is not taken and the glucose level is not kept within the normal range, it can damage vital organs of the human body. Due to this, it is important to check the blood glucose level regularly. There are different types of invasive glucometers available in the market. These invasive methods need a blood sample which causes pain, time-consuming, and higher cost. For this, a noninvasive method is badly needed. In this study, an easily usable noninvasive blood glucose monitoring device is developed that can measure glucose level continuously and eliminates the drawbacks of the invasive system. Near-infrared spectroscopy and transmission photoplethysmography (PPG) is used to estimate blood glucose concentration. 940nm wavelength light is placed on a fingertip and the output of the optical sensor is filtered, amplified and fed to Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller based on Atmega328. After regression analysis, the predicted glucose level is displayed on the LCD screen. The result of the implemented device is compared with a commercially available invasive glucometer and the average error is less than 4% which shows that the device is reliable to estimate blood glucose concentration.