Improving Network Lifetime and Area Coverage with Optimal Sink Mobility Pattern and Node Deployment Strategy in WSN

This paper addresses two major problems in the field of wireless sensor networks - coverage hole problem and energy hole problem. Coverage holes are created due to the inability of deployed sensor nodes to cover the entire network field. Energy hole problem arises when some sensor nodes are overwhelmed due to their location to the sinks, leading to faster energy depletion and shorter network lifetimes. We propose a node deployment strategy and mobile sink trajectory to address these issues. Data dissemination in the network follows our proposed multi-hop routing scheme based on the proximity of sensor nodes to the mobile sink's location and their remaining energy levels. Finally, to increase the network lifetime and prevent fast depletion of sensor node energies we implement sleep scheduling for a subset of nodes based on the current position of the mobile sink.