Extracting Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Frequency Dynamic in Large-Scale Power Grids

In large-scale interconnected power grids, the frequency dynamic response exhibits temporal-spatial distribution characteristics, of which the internal mechanism is not clear. In this paper, we use a statistical-model-based method to analyze the propagation characteristic of frequency dynamic behavior. The frequency data collected from the wide area measurement system are decomposed into standing and traveling wave components with complex empirical orthogonal function, while the information reflecting the spatial-temporal features of frequency dynamics is also obtained in the process. An index is defined to gauge the travelling wave and standing wave components, and the distribution of propagation speed in the entire grid is estimated by the bicubic interpolation method. Finally, the proposed method is applied in a standard test system as well as a real power system to validate its effectiveness. This work explores the mechanism of frequency dynamic in large-scale power grids from a novel view point.