Modelling Communication Network for Intelligent Applications in Microgrids - Part I

Microgrids are small-scale electric power systems that emerge as an alternative to solve the current problems of conventional networks. The main objectives that they pursue are the reliability, diversification of energy resources, reduction of carbon emissions, minimization of costs and the introduction of intelligent control techniques, which increase the dependence on communication networks. Some research related to communications in electrical networks has been developed, but few are related to the appropriate communication system, according to the control algorithm. This paper proposes the best architecture for intelligent microgrid applications based on latency, QoS, bandwidth and capital cost, to improve control and operation. In addition, the fundamentals of communications and control strategies are described. The results show that communication technology affects the control performance of intelligent applications and the smartness of the grid, which causes poor quality of service. This analysis is very useful for the grid planning and the developers, who can select the appropriate architecture according to their needs.