Recent Studies on 4D Antenna Arrays and Their Applications to Wireless Electronic Systems

In this work, a serious of novel studies on four-dimension (4D) antenna arrays are reviewed and their relevant applications to wireless electronic systems are proposed. Theoretical analysis of 4D retro-directive arrays, generation of orbital angular momentum modes, large-scale 4D heterogeneous arrays and wideband power pattern based on 4D antenna arrays are presented. Then their applications to physical layer secure communication, efficient optimization algorithm for radiation patterns and wideband transmit beamforming are discussed. These studies demonstrate that 4D antenna array is a preferred choice for the next generation wireless electronic systems.