Multiple Accounts Detection on Facebook Using Semi-Supervised Learning on Graphs

In social networks, a single user may create multiple accounts to spread his/her opinions and to influence others, by actively commenting on different news pages. It would be beneficial to both social networks and their communities to demote such abnormal activities, and the first step is to detect those accounts. However, the detection of multiple accounts is challenging, because they may have very realistic names and reasonable activity patterns. In this paper, we investigate three different approaches, and propose using graph embedding together with semi-supervised learning to predict whether multiple accounts are created by the same user. We carry out extensive experimental analyses to understand how changes in the input data and algorithmic parameters of optimization affect the prediction performance. We also note that local information have higher importance than the global ones for such prediction, and point out the threshold leading to the best results. We test the proposed approach with 6700 Facebook pages from the Middle East, and achieve the averaged accuracy at 0.996 and AUC (area under curve)at 0.952 for users with the same name; with the U.S. 2016 election dataset, we obtain the best AUC at 0.877 for users with different names.