Dynamic Generator State Estimation using PMU Measurements for Unknown Generator Input

Estimation of internal states of state space model of synchronous generators is very much essential in monitoring and control strategies based on modal analysis. Kalman Filter based techniques are used to estimate these states locally. Wide Area Power System control based on state space model of the system requires remote monitoring of states. Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) are widely used for remote monitoring and control, but the remote measurements are limited to output measurement like voltage, current, and frequency. Traditional Kalman Filter based techniques require both input and output measurements of the generator in order to estimate the states. This paper proposes the application of an input invariant filter technique for remote estimation of generator states using the limited PMU measurements, even in the absence of mechanical input torque and field voltage measurements. The performance of the filter under various grid conditions and in the presence of measurement errors are analysed in the paper.