A Bi-level Programming Model for Distribution Network Expansion Planning with Distributed Generations and Energy Storage Systems

A novel optimization model for distribution network expansion considering the construction of distributed generation (DG) and energy storage system (ESS) simultaneously is proposed in this paper. This proposed model consists of the upper-level sub-problem involving the long-term investment decisions and the lower-level sub-problem involving the short-term operation strategies. Several typical day scenarios are designed to deal with the uncertainties of load demand and DGs including wind generation together with photovoltaic unit. A bilevel programming method combing the improved genetic algorithm (IGA) with the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) is applied in the solution of the proposed optimization model. Finally, case studies are carried out on the 16-bus system as benchmark to achieve a variety of planning scheme options.