Two-Level Charge and Discharge for Electric Vehicles Considering Wind Power Utilization

The optimal charge and discharge schedule of EVs is studied under distribution network considerring wind power. Markov decision process is adopted to model the randomness of supply and demand. Two-level scheduling model of electric vehicles with electric vehicle agents are adopted. The electric vehicle agents are responsible for collecting the real-time charging-discharging demand of electric vehicles in the region and reported to the upper dispatching center. The goal of the upper dispatching center considers the power losses in the distribution network, load variance and the matching degree between EV charging-discharging and wind energy. The goal of the lower agent considers the EV charging-discharging fees and EV charging battery losss costs. When deciding the optimal charging strategy, two-level Rollout methodis adopted considering the the effects on future decisions by the current decisions. Finally, the optimal results under four different strategies are simulated on the IEEE 30 nodes distribution network system.