Non-linear PID and Dynamic SMC for the Artificial Pancreas control in the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes

The development of the artificial pancreas in the Type 1 Diabetes treatment has gained strength in recent years. However, the main challenge facing this development is the variations of the parameters in the plant, which are expected to change even up to an 80% of their nominal values. This parametric variation presents greater difficulty when applying controllers. This paper presents the design and evaluation of two robust controllers, the Nonlinear PID controller and the Dynamic Sliding Mode Controller. The simulation scenarios consider the intake of 3 meals per day and different parametric variation. The performance analysis shows that NPID maintains blood glucose levels in its set-point zone better than the DSMC. Finally, the controllers are tested in the UVA/Padova metabolic simulator obtaining the 100% of the patients in the safe range.