Finger ring phased antenna array for 5G IoT and sensor networks at 28 GHz

In this paper, a circular phased antenna array has been constructed on the finger ring for the 28 GHz 5G communication systems. The antenna array has been verified in free space and with user's hand phantom on three fingers by the simulations. It has been found that such antenna structure is resilient towards the user effects and has a stable coverage efficiency characteristics. The coverage efficiency of 80 % with the realized gain of 5 dBi has been observed when the ring simulated with the user's hand. The correlation between high power loss density with antenna de-tuning has also been observed.