Millimetre-wave beam steerable leaky-wave antenna for 5G systems

A beam steerable Leaky-Wave antenna (LWA) is designed based on Partially Reflective Surface (PRS) and High Impedance Surface (HIS) materials for future millimetre-wave (mm-wave) mobile applications such as 5G. The antenna beam steering is obtained by changing the phase of reflection coefficient (S11) of the HIS through varying the separation between the HIS periodic array and ground layers. This is accomplished by employing direct current (DC) biased piezoelectric actuators (PEAs) on the ground layer. The antenna's simulated S11 bandwidth (BW), beam scanning range and maximum gain at 54.5GHz are about 3GHz, 43° in H-plane and 13.7dBi, respectively.