Development and Applicability of Online Passivity Enforced Wide-Band Multi-Port Equivalents For Hybrid Transient Simulation

This paper presents a method for developing single and multi-port frequency dependent network equivalent (FDNE) based on a passivity enforced online recursive least squares identification algorithm, which identifies the input admittance matrix in z-domain. Furthermore, with the proposed architecture, a real-time hybrid model of the reduced power system is developed that integrate transient stability analysis and FDNE. Main advantages of the proposed architecture are, it identifies the FDNE even with unknown network parameters in the frequency range of interest, and yet can be implemented directly due to discrete formulation while maintaining desired accuracy, stability, and passivity conditions. The accuracy and characteristics of the proposed method are verified by implementing on two-area, IEEE 39 and 68 bus power system models.