Optimal Target Tracking Based on Dynamic Fingerprint in Indoor Wireless Network

Indoor target tracking is a crucial application of indoor localization systems. Wi-Fi fingerprint-based target tracking/positioning has been extensively studied due to its deployability under pervasive indoor wireless local area networks. However, the majority of fingerprint-based schemes adopted the static radio map and did not make full use of continuous motion information of the target. Therefore, we build a ubiquitous indoor tracking/localization system that can maintain a dynamic fingerprint database at low cost in this paper. First, we propose an optimal target tracking algorithm exploiting the historical data of the target location information to help improve the accuracy, which adopts a modified particle filter algorithm to reduce the number of samples and computing overhead. Second, we present a database self-update method according to trajectory continuity, which is employed to update fingerprint database dynamically for keeping the system robust. Finally, we tested the optimal target tracking based on dynamic fingerprint algorithm (OTTDF) in a complex laboratory area with diverse target motion conditions and various obstacles, our experimental results indicate that the OTTDF scheme successfully handles complex indoor structure, including different target motion state, signal fingerprint changes caused by obstacles, simultaneously provides better performance in localization cost, and localization/tracking accuracy in indoor wireless network.