A High Frequency Vibration Compensation Approach in Terahertz SAR Based on Wavelet Multi-Resolution Analysis

The use of terahertz wave in SAR imaging can solve the difficulties of frame rate and detection of slow moving targets in conventional SAR imaging. The most important difference between terahertz SAR (THz-SAR) and conventional SAR is the treatment on motion compensation. For reason that the wavelength of terahertz SAR is much shorter than that of conventional microwave SAR, the tiny vibration of SAR platform will blur SAR images, especially high frequency components. The high frequency vibration will result in paired echoes in SAR imaging, which can't be focused with traditional SAR imaging algorithms. Thus the vibration parameters can't be estimated precisely enough to construct the reference function to compensate the sinusoidal modulation phase. So we first get focused paired echoes in terahertz SAR imaging through Doppler keystone transform (DKT), then we propose a frequency estimation method based on wavelet multi-resolution analysis, along with parametric space projection method, to complete the high frequency vibration estimation of terahertz SAR. At last, the numerical tests using the point target echoes validate the proposed method.