QFEC ASIP: A Flexible Quad-Mode FEC ASIP for Polar, LDPC, Turbo, and Convolutional Code Decoding

In this paper, we extend polar decoding function to our previous design, and propose a flexible quad-mode forward error correction application specific instruction-set processor (QFEC ASIP) that supports polar, low-density parity-check (LDPC), turbo, and convolutional code (CC) decoding with multiple code lengths and code rates. A unified polar/LDPC/turbo/CC quad-mode algorithm framework is presented. The top level architecture of QFEC ASIP and the polar data path are designed on the basis of the algorithm framework. A quad-mode confliction-free global memory system is proposed. 65.2% of global memory banks, 48.9% of global memory bits, and 29.7% of global memory area are saved via hardware sharing. Specially accelerated FEC decoding instructions make the decoding procedure fully programmable and ensure the high throughput. Synthesis using 65-nm technology shows that the total area of QFEC ASIP is 4.26 mm
²
. QFEC ASIP provides the maximum throughput of 1345 Mb/s for polar, 917 Mb/s for LDPC (WiMAX), 320 Mb/s for turbo, and 387 Mb/s for CC (64 states) at the clock frequency of 344 MHz. QFEC ASIP occupies much smaller silicon area than the sum of the silicon area of 4 single-mode FEC decoders that together provide a similar function range as QFEC ASIP.