Duty Cycle Adaptive Adjustment Based Device to Device (D2D) Communication Scheme for WSNs

Device to device (D2D) communication is a key candidate for 5G. Its purpose is to enable direct communication between user devices that are close to each other, thereby reducing the load on the base station. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have received a lot of attention as the basis for D2D. The opportunistic routing (OR) scheme is proposed to deal with data transmission problems in loss WSNs. In this paper, a duty cycle adaptive adjustment-based bopportunistic routing (DCAAOR) scheme is proposed to speed up reliable data transmission. According to the wake-up rule of nodes, we propose three different DCAAOR schemes, respectively. In modified opportunistic routing (MOR) scheme, the nodes are random awake/sleep. In active slot uniform distribution (ASUD) scheme, the active slot of relay nodes are evenly distributed by adaptive adjustment and the active slot group (ASG) scheme divides the active slots of the relay nodes into groups. The active slots of each group are the same, and the active slots of different groups are evenly distributed. After a lot of theoretical analysis, the ASUD and ASG scheme proposed in this paper is superior to the simple modified MOR scheme in terms of energy consumption and delay. When the duty length τ = 20, the energy consumption of the nodes in the MOR scheme is reduced by 38.75% compared with the OR scheme, and the other two schemes are reduced by 41.83%.