Cascaded Real-Time Kinematic Positioning with Multi-Frequency Linear Combinations

Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) enables centimeter-level positioning accuracies. However, the small wavelength of the GNSS carrier signals often prevents a reliable ambiguity resolution. This paper proposes a cascaded RTK positioning with multifrequency linear combinations. The combinations are characterized by a large wavelength, which enables a robust ambiguity resolution even in the presence of uncorrected geometric and ionospheric biases at the price of a slightly increased noise level.