Mathematical Modeling in the Calculation of the Dynamic Characteristics of Snow Avalanches

Mathematical modeling is used to calculate the parameters of avalanches in the assessment of avalanche danger and design of protective structures. The article presents a brief overview of the existing mathematical models of avalanches and their features. Empirical models based on statistical processing of avalanche data and dynamic models that take into account the physics of the process and allow calculating such parameters of the avalanche as the depth and velocity of the flow are considered. Models for dense, dusty avalanches and mixed type are considered. The paper presents the analysis of the possibility of using different models to calculate the main dynamic characteristics of snow avalanches.