A Novel Framework for Prediction and Detection of Myocardial Ischemia with Single Lead ECG and PAT

Myocardial Ischemia (Heart attack) is the major disease, most of the population country like India is suffering from Cardiac problems. Several past studies have been conducted in the area of early detection of myocardial ischemia based on 12 lead ECG or Pulse Wave Velocity. However, past studies fail to take into consideration of the “cardio stress” due to endothelium dysfunction. In the proposed work, an extremely low cost device is developed for detection of early stage Myocardial Ischemia and atherosclerosis through endothelium dysfunction and arterial stiffness analysis by using Cardio Neuro Coherence, Electrophysiology and cardio vascular blood flow analysis. The Heart Rate Variability and Pulse Arrival Time are combined using a single lead ECG and simultaneous capture of arterial pulse. The test procedure is carried out on 75 subjects consisting of male(80%) and female(20%) with 39 existing MI cases, 24 long term diabetic with high MI probability and other normal subjects. This system could detect all the MI cases with 100% accuracy, including 7 cases where the subjects had hypertension with MI. Out of 24 high risk individuals our system mis-detected two cases with MI, where the ST segment was little depressed but not enough to be categorized as NSTEMI. The system had no mis-detection for normal subjects. This shows that proposed system can be a unique model that can be used for long term MI monitoring and risk predictability.