A conductor arrangement that overcomes the effective length issue in transmission line grounding: full-scale measurements

Usually, for high resistivity soils, increasing the length of the grounding electrode does not lead to a reduction in the impedance values due to the effective length issue. In this work, an improvement in a previously proposed special arrangement, which overcomes the effective length problem, is numerically and experimentally evaluated. The transient voltage response of this new arrangement is calculated and measurements were performed on a full-scale grounding electrode arrangement. Simulation results and measurements are compared for validation purposes.