Modeling and Analysis of Slotted ALOHA Systems With Energy Harvesting Nodes and Retry Limit

We analyze the performance of slotted ALOHA systems with energy harvesting nodes and the retry limit by developing a node-centric two-dimensional discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) model. We consider not only the number of energy packets consumed when a data packet is transmitted but also a general probability distribution of an energy packet arrival process. We assume that the capacities of data and energy buffer at a node are one packet and E packets, respectively. According to the concept of the equilibrium point analysis, we derive a fixed point equation with respect to the ratio of nodes transmitting a data packet. The accuracy of theoretical results obtained from the fixed point equation is verified by computer simulation. Numerical results under Poisson arriving process of energy packets indicate that throughput, the offered traffic, and the discard probability demonstrate the weak symmetric relationship between the data packet generation probability and the average number of arriving energy packets. However, the average transmission delay rapidly increases when the average number of arriving energy packets becomes small.