The effect of metal braces on antenna parameters and the SAR distribution of the head exposed to popular cellular frequencie

As the use of electromagnetic fields (EM) by radiofrequency (RF) has increased along with increased use of mobile phones, the potential health risks have also been widely discussed. In this study, the effect of fixing metal braces on teeth, was examined by giving the variation of the specific absorption rate (SAR) distribution and antenna parameters. Three halfwave dipole antennas were used as the exposure source for the GSM-900, DCS-1800 and 5G-3600 Mhz frequency bands, in the presence of a three-dimensional 3-D heterogeneous model of the human head named Zubal. All simulations are performed with CST Microwave Studio 2017.