Limit cycles elimination in delta-operator systems

The existence of nonzero equilibria in /spl delta/-operator fixed point and block floating point (BFP) systems is investigated and methods for avoiding such equilibria are proposed. In the fixed point case these methods work by mapping the region in which nonzero equilibria may appear to zero. This is possible if the region is small. It is also shown that nonzero equilibria and limit cycles of any period can always be avoided by using BFP arithmetic with a sufficiently large mantissa wordlength.