RIN Transfer Mitigation Technique Using Broadband Incoherent Pump in Distributed Raman Amplified Transmission Systems

The paper reviews the recent advances on RIN transfer mitigation techniques used in distributed Raman amplified long-haul coherent transmission systems. The use of a broadband first order pump in substantial pump to signal RIN transfer mitigation has been demonstrated experimentally in both bidirectional and backward only pumping schemes. The generation process of a novel broadband, low RIN and incoherent pump is also reported in detail. In a 10×120 Gb/s DP-QPSK WDM transmission system, our proposed pumping schemes shows maximum transmission reach up to 8332 km and significant reach extensions compared with conventional low RIN and narrowband Raman pump sources.